Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia

APT group: Sandworm Team, Iron Viking, Voodoo Bear

Names	Sandworm Team (Trend Micro) Sandworm (ESET) Iron Viking (SecureWorks) CTG-7263 (SecureWorks) Voodoo Bear (CrowdStrike) Quedagh (F-Secure) TEMP.Noble (FireEye) ATK 14 (Thales) BE2 (Kaspersky) UAC-0082 (CERT-UA) UAC-0113 (CERT-UA)
Country	Russia
Sponsor	State-sponsored
Motivation	Sabotage and destruction
First seen	2009
Description	Sandworm Team is a Russian cyberespionage group that has operated since approximately 2009. The group likely consists of Russian pro-hacktivists. Sandworm Team targets mainly Ukrainian entities associated with energy, industrial control systems, SCADA, government, and media. Sandworm Team has been linked to the Ukrainian energy sector attack in late 2015. This group appears to be closely associated with, or evolved into, TeleBots.
Observed	Sectors: Education, Energy, Government, Telecommunications. Countries: Azerbaijan, Belarus, France, Georgia, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Ukraine.
Tools used	ArguePatch, AWFULSHRED, BlackEnergy, CaddyWiper, Colibri Loader, Cyclops Blink, DarkCrystal RAT, Gcat, Industroyer2, ORCSHRED, P.A.S., PassKillDisk, PsList, RansomBoggs, SOLOSHRED, VPNFilter, Warzone RAT.
Operations performed	Oct 2014	The vulnerability was disclosed by iSIGHT Partners, which said that the vulnerability had already been exploited in a small number of cyberespionage attacks against NATO, several unnamed Ukrainian government organizations, a number of Western European governmental organizations, companies operating in the energy sector, European telecoms firms, and a US academic organization. <https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/sandworm-windows-zero-day-vulnerability-being-actively-exploited-targeted-attacks>
	Dec 2015	Widespread power outages on the Ukraine The power outage was described as technical failures taking place on Wednesday, December 23 that impacted a region around Ivano-Frankivisk Oblast. One report suggested the utility began to disconnect power substations for no apparent reason. The same report goes on to describe a virus was launched from the outside and it brought down the “remote management system” (a reference to the SCADA and or EMS). The outage was reported to have lasted six hours before electrical service was restored. At least two reports suggest the utility had initiated manual controls for restoration of service and the SCADA system was still off-line due to the infection. <https://ics.sans.org/blog/2015/12/30/current-reporting-on-the-cyber-attack-in-ukraine-resulting-in-power-outage>
	Late 2017	ANSSI has been informed of an intrusion campaign targeting the monitoring software Centreon distributed by the French company CENTREON which resulted in the breach of several French entities. <https://www.cert.ssi.gouv.fr/uploads/CERTFR-2021-CTI-005.pdf>
	Jun 2019	New Sandworm Malware Cyclops Blink Replaces VPNFilter <https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-054a>
	Aug 2019	Russian military cyber actors, publicly known as Sandworm Team, have been exploiting a vulnerability in Exim mail transfer agent (MTA) software since at least last August. <https://www.nsa.gov/News-Features/News-Stories/Article-View/Article/2196511/exim-mail-transfer-agent-actively-exploited-by-russian-gru-cyber-actors/>
	Apr 2022	Industroyer2: Industroyer reloaded <https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/04/12/industroyer2-industroyer-reloaded/>
	May 2022	Sandworm uses a new version of ArguePatch to attack targets in Ukraine <https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/05/20/sandworm-ukraine-new-version-arguepatch-malware-loader/>
	Jun 2022	Russian hackers start targeting Ukraine with Follina exploits <https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/russian-hackers-start-targeting-ukraine-with-follina-exploits/>
	Aug 2022	Russia-Nexus UAC-0113 Emulating Telecommunication Providers in Ukraine <https://go.recordedfuture.com/hubfs/reports/cta-2022-0919.pdf>
	Nov 2022	RansomBoggs: New ransomware targeting Ukraine <https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/11/28/ransomboggs-new-ransomware-ukraine/>
Counter operations	Oct 2020	Six Russian GRU Officers Charged in Connection with Worldwide Deployment of Destructive Malware and Other Disruptive Actions in Cyberspace <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/six-russian-gru-officers-charged-connection-worldwide-deployment-destructive-malware-and>
	Apr 2022	Justice Department Announces Court-Authorized Disruption of Botnet Controlled by the Russian Federation’s Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-court-authorized-disruption-botnet-controlled-russian-federation>
Information	<https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/timeline-of-sandworm-attacks/> <https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-january-voodoo-bear/> <https://securelist.com/be2-custom-plugins-router-abuse-and-target-profiles/67353/> <https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/03/21/sandworm-tale-disruption-told-anew/>
MITRE ATT&CK	<https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034/>

Last change to this card: 27 December 2022

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