Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia

APT group: Moonstone Sleet

Names	Moonstone Sleet (Microsoft) Storm-1789 (Microsoft) Stressed Pungsan (Datadog Security Research)
Country	North Korea
Motivation	Information theft and espionage, Financial gain
First seen	2023
Description	(Microsoft) Moonstone Sleet is a threat actor behind a cluster of malicious activity that Microsoft assesses is North Korean state-aligned and uses both a combination of many tried-and-true techniques used by other North Korean threat actors and unique attack methodologies. When Microsoft first detected Moonstone Sleet activity, the actor demonstrated strong overlaps with Diamond Sleet (Lazarus Group, Hidden Cobra, Labyrinth Chollima), extensively reusing code from known Diamond Sleet malware like Comebacker and using well-established Diamond Sleet techniques to gain access to organizations, such as using social media to deliver trojanized software. However, Moonstone Sleet quickly shifted to its own bespoke infrastructure and attacks. Subsequently, Microsoft has observed Moonstone Sleet and Diamond Sleet conducting concurrent operations, with Diamond Sleet still utilizing much of its known, established tradecraft. Moonstone Sleet has an expansive set of operations supporting its financial and cyberespionage objectives. These range from deploying custom ransomware to creating a malicious game, setting up fake companies, and using IT workers.
Observed
Tools used
Operations performed	Jul 2024	Stressed Pungsan: DPRK-aligned threat actor leverages npm for initial access <https://securitylabs.datadoghq.com/articles/stressed-pungsan-dprk-aligned-threat-actor-leverages-npm-for-initial-access/>
	Aug 2024	North Korea Still Attacking Developers via npm <https://blog.phylum.io/north-korea-still-attacking-developers-via-npm/>
Information	<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2024/05/28/moonstone-sleet-emerges-as-new-north-korean-threat-actor-with-new-bag-of-tricks/> <https://checkmarx.com/blog/a-new-north-korean-group-emerges-disrupting-the-open-source-ecosystem/>

Last change to this card: 23 October 2024

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