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Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia

Tool: ZIPLINE

Names	ZIPLINE
Category	Malware
Type	Backdoor
Description	(Mandiant) ZIPLINE is a passive backdoor that hijacks an exported function, accept(), from the file libsecure.so. When ZIPLINE invokes the hijacked accept() function, it first resolves the benign accept() from libc, to intercept network traffic. Once an incoming connection is registered, it is first processed by the benign libc_accept, and ZIPLINE then checks if the process name is “web”. The malware retrieves up to 21 bytes from the connected host, verifying if the received buffer corresponds to the string “SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_0.3xx.” If so, the malicious functionality of ZIPLINE is triggered. ZIPLINE will then receive an encrypted header which specifies the command to be executed. Further details about this hijacking technique for the accept() function can be found in this SecureIdeas post.
Information	<https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/suspected-apt-targets-ivanti-zero-day>

Last change to this tool card: 17 January 2024

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All groups using tool ZIPLINE

Changed	Name	Country	Observed
APT groups
	UNC5221, UTA0178	[Unknown]	2023

1 group listed (1 APT, 0 other, 0 unknown)

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Electronic Transactions Development Agency

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